Difference between revisions of "STAT"

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* Description
 
* Description
  
The Screening Tool for Autism in Two Year Olds was developed as an interactive, play based secondary screening tool that is composed of 12 activities assessing social-communicative behaviors. The STAT was initially developed and validated for children between 24-36 months<sup>1</sup>, but there have also been studies that suggest that this tool is appropriate for children under 2 as well. It should take less than 20 minutes to administer.  The STAT has 2 play items, four imitation items, four directing attention items, and two requesting items.  Requesting items are not included in the scoring system because they were included to promote interaction, not to differentiate between those with ASD and those without ASD.<sup>1</sup>
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The Screening Tool for Autism in Two Year Olds was developed as an interactive, play based secondary screening tool that is composed of 12 activities assessing social-communicative behaviors. The STAT was initially developed and validated to identify children between 24-36 months<sup>1</sup>for autism rather than autism spectrum disorders <sup>3</sup>, so the STAT shows poor discriminating power for children with PDD-NOS.
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In addition, there have also been studies that suggest that this tool is appropriate for children under 24 months<sup>2</sup>.  
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The STAT should take less than 20 minutes to administer.  It consists of 2 play items, four imitation items, four directing attention items, and two requesting items.  Within each domain, scores are averaged and then summed up across domains
  
 
Items on the STAT are developmentally sensitive and may not be appropriate for screening at older ages because children with autism are likely to acquire the skills that are looked at on the STAT.<sup>1</sup>
 
Items on the STAT are developmentally sensitive and may not be appropriate for screening at older ages because children with autism are likely to acquire the skills that are looked at on the STAT.<sup>1</sup>
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====Scoring====
 
====Scoring====
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The STAT has 2 play items, four imitation items, four directing attention items, and two requesting items.  Scores are first averaged within each domain, and then summed up across domains.  Each individual domain score ranges from 0 to 1 and the total score ranges from 0 to 4.  Any children with an overall STAT score of 2 or greater should be considered as high risk for autism. 
  
Based on the sample, a score of less than 2 is designated as failing for each areaChildren failing any two of three areas should be referred for further diagnostic testing.  
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However, for children under 24 months old, a cutoff score of 2.75 should be used to obtain adequate sensitivity and specificity because a cutoff score of 2 gives a high right of false positivesIn one study, removing 12-13 moth year olds from the sample gives a sensitivity of 0.93, specificity of 0.83, PPV of 0.68, and a NPV of 0.97, indicating that the high over identification rate may be because the STAT is not appropriate for thus under 14 months.
  
  
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2. Stone et. al. ''Use of the Screening Tool for Autism in Two-Year-Olds (STAT) for children under 24 months: an exploratory study.''  Autism. 2008 Sep;12(5):557-73. PMID 18805947
 
2. Stone et. al. ''Use of the Screening Tool for Autism in Two-Year-Olds (STAT) for children under 24 months: an exploratory study.''  Autism. 2008 Sep;12(5):557-73. PMID 18805947
  
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3.Stone et. al. ''Psychometric properties of the STAT for early autism screening.''  J Autism Dev Disord. 2004 Dec;34(6):691-701.'' PMID 15679188
 
==== Related Information ====
 
==== Related Information ====
  

Revision as of 16:20, 27 July 2009


Papers List | Variables List

STAT

Basic Characteristics

  • Description

The Screening Tool for Autism in Two Year Olds was developed as an interactive, play based secondary screening tool that is composed of 12 activities assessing social-communicative behaviors. The STAT was initially developed and validated to identify children between 24-36 months1for autism rather than autism spectrum disorders 3, so the STAT shows poor discriminating power for children with PDD-NOS.

In addition, there have also been studies that suggest that this tool is appropriate for children under 24 months2.

The STAT should take less than 20 minutes to administer. It consists of 2 play items, four imitation items, four directing attention items, and two requesting items. Within each domain, scores are averaged and then summed up across domains

Items on the STAT are developmentally sensitive and may not be appropriate for screening at older ages because children with autism are likely to acquire the skills that are looked at on the STAT.1


  • History

Scoring

The STAT has 2 play items, four imitation items, four directing attention items, and two requesting items. Scores are first averaged within each domain, and then summed up across domains. Each individual domain score ranges from 0 to 1 and the total score ranges from 0 to 4. Any children with an overall STAT score of 2 or greater should be considered as high risk for autism.

However, for children under 24 months old, a cutoff score of 2.75 should be used to obtain adequate sensitivity and specificity because a cutoff score of 2 gives a high right of false positives. In one study, removing 12-13 moth year olds from the sample gives a sensitivity of 0.93, specificity of 0.83, PPV of 0.68, and a NPV of 0.97, indicating that the high over identification rate may be because the STAT is not appropriate for thus under 14 months.


Psychometrics (validity and reliability)

In an initial validation study of STAT, showed that the instrument performed well at distinguishing between autism and non-autistic populations. However, it was less accurate at distinguishing autism from PDD-NOS. The tool had a sensitivity of 0.83 and a specificity of 0.86 in the validation sample.

In one exploratory study for using the STAT as a second level screening tool for children under 24 months, using a cut off score of 2.75 gave a sensitivity of 0.95 and a specificity of 0.73 with a positive predictive value of 0.56 and a negative predictive value of 0.97.2


References

1. Stone et. al. Brief report: screening tool for autism in two-year-olds (STAT): development and preliminary data.J Autism Dev Disord. 2000 Dec;30(6):607-12. PMID 11261472

2. Stone et. al. Use of the Screening Tool for Autism in Two-Year-Olds (STAT) for children under 24 months: an exploratory study. Autism. 2008 Sep;12(5):557-73. PMID 18805947

3.Stone et. al. Psychometric properties of the STAT for early autism screening. J Autism Dev Disord. 2004 Dec;34(6):691-701. PMID 15679188

Related Information

  • Indicators (dependent variables, conditions, or contrasts; measurement variables used for analysis) associated with this task (vote or nominate by editing this page):


  • Closely related pages (vote or nominate related pages by editing this page):

Other Screening Tools
CHAT
MCHAT
SCQ
CAST
ASSQ

  • Primary Species

humans

External Resources

  • Links out:
    • -ucla cognitive atlas- (coming soon!)
  • Database links