Remember/Know
Remember/Know
Basic Characteristics
- Description
The Remember/Know paradigm distinguishes between the recollection of a memory, known as remembering, and the familiarity of a memory, known as knowing. Subjects are given a recognition test by showing them a list of words and then a specific time later they are asked whether they remember the word (R) or whether they just knew that that the word had been presented to them in the past (K). Remembering is considered one’s concrete awareness of oneself in the past and knowing is considered one’s abstract knowledge of the past. This distinction correlates with the distinction of the Declarative Memory which is split into the Episodic Memory and the Semantic Memory. Episodic remembering is the retrieval of personal temporary dates and self-relevant facts. Semantic knowing, on the other hand, is the retrieval of impersonal, undated, and world-relevant facts. The Remember/Know paradigm is used to test Declarative Memory which can be used to diagnose disorders such as Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder and Alzheimer’s disease.
- History
The Remember/Know paradigm was first created by Endel Tulving and his theory in the mid eighties. Tulving distinguished between two quite different recollective experiences: of remembering and knowing. The Remember/Know paradigm has been further studied by John Gardiner in the late eighties. Gardiner describes developments in the Remember/Know paradigm with not only the difference between Declarative Memory that Tulving describes, but also the difference between remembering which reflects the explicit memory and knowing which reflects the implicit memory. Further studies are still trying to understand the distinction between remembering and knowing.
- References
Knowlton and Squire, 1995. Remembering and Knowing: two different expressions of declarative memory. PMID 7602267
Tulving E, 2001. Episodic memory and common sense: how far apart? PMID 11571040
Related Information
- Cognitive construct associated with this task (vote for your favorite, or nominate a new construct label by editing this page): Attention, Divided attention, Autobiographical Memory
- Indicators (dependent variables, conditions, or contrasts; measurement variables used for analysis) associated with this task (vote or nominate by editing this page):
- Closely related pages (vote or nominate related pages by editing this page):
- CNP Level
Cognitive Phenotype
External Resources
- Links out:
- Google: Remember/Know
- Wikipedia: Remember/Know
- PubBrain: Remember/Know
- PubMed: Remember/Know
- -ucla cognitive atlas- (coming soon!)
- Database links
